ဟိုက်ဒရောလစ် ပိုက်ခေါင်း အမျိုးအစားများနှင့် သံချည် စံနှုန်းများ
A hose fitting is the steel end crimped onto the hose. Two things describe it: its shape — straight, elbow, tee, flange, banjo — and its connection, which is the thread standard together with the sealing face. Shape is what the customer points at. Connection is what decides whether the joint holds.
ပိုက်ခေါင်းကို ဖော်ပြရန် နှစ်ချက် လိုပါသည် — ပုံသဏ္ဍာန် (တည့်၊ ကွေး၊ တီ၊ ဒဲ့ပြား၊ ပုတီး) နှင့် အဆက်အသွယ် (သံချည်စံနှုန်းနှင့် အဆက်မျက်နှာပြင်)။ ဖောက်သည်က ပုံသဏ္ဍာန်ကို ညွှန်ပြပြီး၊ အဆက်အသွယ်က ယိုမယို ဆုံးဖြတ်ပါသည်။
Shapes
ပုံသဏ္ဍာန်များ
| Shape | What it is | When it is the right answer |
|---|---|---|
| Straight | In line, no bend | The default. Use it wherever the route allows |
| 45° elbow | Half turn built into the fitting | Where a straight would bend the hose too soon after the ferrule |
| 90° elbow | Quarter turn built in | Tight corners, and anywhere the hose would otherwise kink at the port |
| Tee | Three ways | Splitting one line into two |
| Cross | Four ways | Rare — manifolds and test rigs |
| Flange | Four-bolt SAE head | Large bore at high pressure — pump and motor ports, 1/2 inch and up |
| Banjo | Ring with a hollow bolt through it | Turns the line through 90° in almost no space. Low pressure: fuel, brake, clutch, return |
Myanmar market names
မြန်မာဈေးကွက် အသုံးအနှုန်းများ
The words a customer uses at the counter and the words on the supplier invoice are not the same. Both are correct — this is the bridge between them.
| Myanmar market name | Global term | Note |
|---|---|---|
| တည့် / အဖြောင့် | Straight fitting | In line, no bend |
| အကွေး | Elbow fitting | Any bent fitting |
| ၄၅ အကွေး | 45° elbow | Position 4 digit = 4 |
| ၉၀ အကွေး | 90° elbow | Position 4 digit = 9 |
| တီ | Tee fitting | Three ways |
| ခြောက်လမ်း | Cross fitting | Four ways |
| ကေတော | Hose fitting — metric or cone | The everyday hose end |
| ဒဲ့ပြား | Flange fitting | Four-bolt SAE head |
| ပုတီး | Banjo fitting | Ring and bolt |
| ပြောင်း | Adapter | Thread to thread, no hose |
| သံကာ | Ferrule | The crimp sleeve |
တည့် နှင့် အဖြောင့် သည် အဓိပ္ပာယ် တူပါသည် — Global စံနှုန်းတွင် Straight fitting ဟု ခေါ်သည်။
The nine thread standards in our range
ကျွန်ုပ်တို့ရှိသော သံချည် စံနှုန်း ကိုးမျိုး
Every fitting we buy belongs to one of these. The second digit of the part number names it, so you can read the standard straight off the code.
| Standard | Code digit | Thread | Published specification | Turns up on |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BSPP (G) | 2 | Parallel, inch | ISO 228 | The default in this market — tractors, tippers, general workshop work |
| BSPT (R) | 3 | Tapered, inch | ISO 7 | Older pipe-threaded ports and adapters |
| Metric | 0 | Parallel, M×pitch | ISO 8434-1 / DIN 2353 | European machinery, cranes, agricultural implements |
| JIC 37° flare | 6 | UNF, parallel | SAE J514 / ISO 8434-2 | American machinery, agricultural equipment, skid steers |
| ORFS | 4 | UNF, parallel | SAE J1453 / ISO 8434-3 | Construction plant and anything with heavy vibration |
| SAE flange | 7 | No thread — four bolts | SAE J518 / ISO 6162 | Pump and motor ports, 1/2 inch and larger |
| JIS Metric (Komatsu) | 8 | Metric, 30° flare | JIS B2070 | Komatsu excavators, loaders and dozers |
| JIS British | 9 | BSPP thread, Japanese seat | JIS B0202 | Japanese trucks — Isuzu, Hino, Mitsubishi, Nissan Diesel |
| NPT | 5 | Tapered, inch | ANSI B1.20.1 | Not currently stocked — American pipe thread |
ဒုတိယဂဏန်းက သံချည်စံနှုန်းကို ပြောသည်။ မြန်မာဈေးကွက်တွင် BSPP အများဆုံး၊ ဂျပန်ကားများအတွက် JIS British၊ Komatsu စက်များအတွက် JIS Metric ဖြစ်သည်။
Thread size tables
သံချည် အရွယ်အစား ဇယားများ
BSPP — ISO 228
BSPP — ISO 228
| Dash | Thread | Threads per inch | Male outside diameter |
|---|---|---|---|
| -04 | G1/4 | 19 | 0.52 in |
| -06 | G3/8 | 19 | 0.65 in |
| -08 | G1/2 | 14 | 0.82 in |
| -10 | G5/8 | 14 | 0.88 in |
| -12 | G3/4 | 14 | 1.04 in |
| -16 | G1 | 11 | 1.30 in |
| -20 | G1-1/4 | 11 | 1.65 in |
| -24 | G1-1/2 | 11 | 1.88 in |
| -32 | G2 | 11 | 2.35 in |
JIC 37° flare — SAE J514
JIC — SAE J514
| Dash | Tube | UNF thread |
|---|---|---|
| -04 | 1/4 in | 7/16-20 |
| -06 | 3/8 in | 9/16-18 |
| -08 | 1/2 in | 3/4-16 |
| -10 | 5/8 in | 7/8-14 |
| -12 | 3/4 in | 1-1/16-12 |
| -16 | 1 in | 1-5/16-12 |
ORFS — SAE J1453
ORFS — SAE J1453
| Dash | Tube | Thread |
|---|---|---|
| -04 | 1/4 in | 9/16-18 |
| -06 | 3/8 in | 11/16-16 |
| -08 | 1/2 in | 13/16-16 |
| -10 | 5/8 in | 1-14 |
| -12 | 3/4 in | 1-3/16-12 |
| -16 | 1 in | 1-7/16-12 |
| -20 | 1-1/4 in | 1-11/16-12 |
Metric — which standard each thread belongs to
Metric — မည်သည့် စံနှုန်း ဖြစ်သနည်း
| Thread | Standard |
|---|---|
| M10×1, M12×1 | Banjo bolt sizes |
| M14×1.5 | DIN 2353 — 8L / 6S |
| M16×1.5 | DIN 2353 — 10L / 8S |
| M18×1.5 | DIN 2353 12L / 10S · also Komatsu -06 |
| M20×1.5 | DIN 2353 — 12S |
| M22×1.5 | DIN 2353 15L / 14S · also Komatsu -08 |
| M24×1.5 | DIN 2353 16S · also Komatsu -10 |
| M26×1.5 | DIN 2353 — 18L |
| M27×1.5 | Neither DIN nor Komatsu — confirm with the supplier |
| M30×1.5 | Komatsu -12 |
| M30×2 | DIN 2353 — 22L / 20S |
| M36×1.5 | Komatsu -20 |
| M36×2 | DIN 2353 — 28L / 25S |
| M42×2 | DIN 2353 — 30S |
| M45×2 | DIN 2353 — 35L |
| M52×2 | DIN 2353 — 42L / 38S |
How each one seals
တစ်မျိုးချင်းစီ မည်သို့ ပိတ်သနည်း
The thread holds the joint together. Something else does the sealing, and that is the part that fails.
| Sealing face | Code digit | How it seals | What wears out |
|---|---|---|---|
| 60° cone | 6 | Male cone lands in a matching female cone — metal to metal | Nothing to replace, but a scored or over-tightened cone will never seal again |
| 74° cone | 7 | The JIC cone, 37° per face — metal to metal | As above. Tolerant of being broken and remade many times |
| 24° cone, light (L) | 4 | Shallow cone with an O-ring, DIN 2353 medium pressure | The O-ring. Fit a new one every time |
| 24° cone, heavy (S) | 5 | Same form, heavier wall, high pressure | The O-ring |
| Flat seat | 2 | Flat against flat, sealed by a bonded washer or an O-ring | The washer or O-ring |
| Flat + O-ring | 3 | Flat face with the O-ring captive in a groove — ORFS | The O-ring. Best vibration resistance of anything we sell |
| Tapered thread | — | BSPT and NPT seal on the thread itself, not on a seat | Needs sealant. Never reuse old tape |
Male and female
အထီးနှင့် အမ
Threads on the outside is male. Threads inside a nut that spins freely on the hose is a female swivel, and that is what most hose ends are. The swivel matters for more than convenience: it lets you tighten the nut without turning the hose, which is how you avoid putting a twist into the assembly.
အပြင်ဘက် သံချည် = အထီး။ လွတ်လပ်စွာ လည်နိုင်သော နပ်အတွင်း သံချည် = အမ လည်ပတ်ခေါင်း။ ပိုက် မလိမ်စေဘဲ နပ်ကိုသာ လှည့်နိုင်ရန် ဖြစ်သည်။
Identification mistakes that cost money
ကုန်ကျစရိတ် ဖြစ်စေသော အမှားများ
| Mistake | Why it happens | The check that catches it |
|---|---|---|
| Reading the thread off the dash number | The thread is bigger than the bore it serves, in every standard | Measure the thread with a caliper; read the bore off the hose |
| Confusing BSPP with JIS British | They use the same thread | Look at the seat, and ask what machine it came off |
| Confusing BSPT with NPT | Both tapered, both inch, similar diameters | Count the threads per inch — the pitches differ in most sizes |
| Treating a flange dash as a hose dash | On flange fittings the first dash is the flange size | 87312-16-12 is a 1 inch flange on 3/4 inch hose — correct, not a mismatch |
| Assuming Komatsu is DIN because it is metric | Both use M threads | M27×1.5, M30×1.5 and M36×1.5 are Komatsu, not DIN |
| Reusing an O-ring | It looks fine | Flattened O-rings do not seal. Fit new |
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